4.8.1.2.1. Add a User to OpenLDAP

Note

Before getting started, take a look at how to prepare SIMP LDIFs to make sure you understand the basics of LDIF files.

Users can be added with or without a password. Follow the instructions in the following sections.

Note

Every user must belong to a unique, primary group, but can optionally belong to one or more, secondary groups.

Warning

This process should not be used to create users or groups for daemon processes unless the user has experience.

4.8.1.2.1.1. Add a User to OpenLDAP with a Password

To add a user with a password to the system, along with a unique group for that user:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Use the slappasswd command to generate a password hash for a user.

  3. Edit the /root/ldifs/add_user_with_password.ldif shown below.

    dn: cn=<username>,ou=Group,dc=your,dc=domain
objectClass: posixGroup
objectClass: top
cn: <username>
gidNumber: <Unique GID Number>
description: "<Group Description>"

dn: uid=<username>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
uid: <username>
cn: <username>
givenName: <First Name>
sn: <Last Name>
mail: <e-mail address>
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
objectClass: posixAccount
objectClass: top
objectClass: shadowAccount
objectClass: ldapPublicKey
shadowMax: 180
shadowMin: 1
shadowWarning: 7
shadowLastChange: 10701
sshPublicKey: <some SSH public key>
loginShell: /bin/bash
uidNumber: <some UID number above 1000>
gidNumber: <GID number from above>
homeDirectory: /home/<username>
userPassword: <slappasswd generated SSHA hash>
pwdReset: TRUE

  4. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapadd -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/add_user_with_password.ldif

Ensure that an administrative account is created as soon as the SIMP system has been properly configured. Administrative accounts should belong to the administrators LDAP group (gidNumber 700). By default, Members of this group can directly access a privileged shell via sudo su -.

Note

The pwdReset: TRUE command causes the user to change the assigned password at the next login. This command is useful to pre-generate the password first and change it at a later time.

This command appears to be broken in some versions of nss_ldap. Therefore, to avoid future issues set shadowLastChange to a value around 10000.

Warning

The initial password set for a user must conform to the password policy or the user will not be able to login and change his/her password, even though the password reset has been enabled by pwdReset: TRUE.

4.8.1.2.1.2. Add a User to OpenLDAP without a Password

To add a user without a password to the system, along with a unique group for that user

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/add_user_no_password.ldif shown below.

    dn: cn=<username>,ou=Group,dc=your,dc=domain
objectClass: posixGroup
objectClass: top
cn: <username>
gidNumber: <Unique GID Number>
description: "<Group Description>"

dn: uid=<username>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
uid: <username>
cn: <username>
givenName: <First Name>
sn: <Last Name>
mail: <e-mail address>
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
objectClass: posixAccount
objectClass: top
objectClass: shadowAccount
objectClass: ldapPublicKey
sshPublicKey: <some SSH public key>
loginShell: /bin/bash
uidNumber: <some UID number above 1000>
gidNumber: <GID number from above>
homeDirectory: /home/<username>

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapadd -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/add_user_no_password.ldif

4.8.1.2.2. Remove a User from OpenLDAP

To remove a user from the system, along with a unique group for that user:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/del_user.ldif shown below.

    dn: cn=<User UID>,ou=Group,dc=example,dc=domain
changeType: delete

dn: uid=<User UID>,ou=People,dc=example,dc=domain
changeType: delete

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapmodify -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/del_user.ldif

4.8.1.2.3. Update a User’s SSH Public Key in OpenLDAP

To update an SSH public key:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/mod_sshkey.ldif shown below.

    dn: uid=<User UID>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
changetype: modify
replace: sshPublicKey
sshPublicKey: <User OpenSSH Public Key>

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapmodify -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldif/mod_sshkey.ldif

4.8.1.2.4. Force a Password Reset in OpenLDAP

To force a password reset for a user:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/force_password_reset.ldif shown below.

    dn: uid=<username>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
changetype: modify
replace: pwdReset
pwdReset: TRUE
-
replace: shadowLastChange
shadowLastChange: 10101

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapmodify -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/force_password_reset.ldif

Note

The ldapmodify command is only effective when using the ppolicy overlay. In addition, the user’s shadowLastChange must be changed to a value prior to the expiration date to force a PAM reset.

4.8.1.2.5. Lock an LDAP Account in OpenLDAP

To lock an LDAP account:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/lock_user.ldif shown below.

    dn: uid=<username>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
changetype: modify
replace: pwdAccountLockedTime
pwdAccountLockedTime: 000001010000Z
-
delete: sshPublicKey
-
replace: userPassword
userPassword: !!

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapmodify -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/lock_user.ldif

Note

The ldapmodify command is only effective when using the ppolicy overlay.

4.8.1.2.6. Unlock an LDAP Account in OpenLDAP

To unlock an LDAP account:

  1. Login to the LDAP server as root.

  2. Edit the /root/ldifs/unlock_account.ldif shown below.

    dn: uid=<User UID>,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain
changetype: modify
delete: pwdAccountLockedTime

  3. Type the following, substituting your DN information for dc=your,dc=domain:

    ldapmodify -Z -x -W -D "cn=LDAPAdmin,ou=People,dc=your,dc=domain" \
-f /root/ldifs/unlock_account.ldif

Note

The ldapmodify command is only effective when using the ppolicy overlay.

4.8.1.2.7. Troubleshooting Issues in OpenLDAP

If a user’s password is changed or the user changes it shortly after its initial set up, the “Password too young to change” error may appear. In this situation, apply the pwdReset:TRUE option to the user’s account as described in Add a User to OpenLDAP with a Password.